HIV 1 and 2 Test: What It Shows and What It Does Not
Quick answer: A fourth generation HIV 1 and 2 test looks for both HIV antibodies and the p24 antigen in blood. It can detect HIV earlier than antibody only tests. A positive screening result is confirmed with a second test.
About this test
This blood test detects antibodies to HIV 1 and HIV 2 and p24 antigen, a viral protein that appears early in infection.
Why is it ordered?
- Routine screening for adults.
- A new partner or a possible exposure.
- Pregnancy care.
What results may show
- A negative result after the window period makes HIV infection unlikely.
- A reactive result needs confirmation with follow up testing.
What this test may not show
- A very recent exposure may not be detected. A repeat test after the window period may be advised.
- A reactive screening result alone is not a diagnosis.
- It does not measure viral load.
- It does not test for other infections.
How to prepare
- No special preparation is needed.
- Tell your provider about any recent possible exposure so the right timing is used.
Where you can get this test
| Option | Price | Includes |
|---|---|---|
| STD Screening Panel, Basic | $129 | Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV 1 and 2 |
| STD Screening Panel, Comprehensive | $199 | Chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis, HIV 1 and 2, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody |
A doctor’s visit is not required to order. Order online, then visit our Buffalo Grove or Lake Zurich location for the sample. Review results with your own healthcare provider.
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Frequently asked questions
How soon after exposure can the test detect HIV?
Fourth generation tests detect many infections within a few weeks. Your provider can advise on timing and repeat testing.
What does a reactive result mean?
It needs a confirmation test and a visit with a provider. It is not a final diagnosis.
Does it test for other STIs?
No. Other tests cover those.
Sources
Medically reviewed by Rodion Levin, FNP-C, Founder and Medical Director. This page is for general education. It does not diagnose a condition or replace advice from your healthcare provider.
